Effects of a 12-Week Skipping Exercise Program on Leg Endurance in Competitive Badminton Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53905/inspiree.v6i01.141

Keywords:

Badminton, Leg endurance, Skipping exercises, Jump rope training, Anaerobic power, Sport-specific conditioning

Abstract

The  purpose  of  the study. Leg endurance is vital for badminton, yet training methods for its enhancement are inadequately explored. This study examined the impact of a skipping exercise regimen on leg endurance and performance metrics among competitive badminton athletes.

Materials and methods. A total of sixty competitive badminton athletes enrolled badminton players from regional clubs and university in North Sumatera Indonesia, with a mean age of 21.5 ± 1.7 years, were systematically assigned to either an intervention group (n=30) or a control group (n=30) through a randomization process. The participants in the intervention cohort undertook a 12-week progressive skipping exercise program in conjunction with their regular badminton training, whereas the control group adhered solely to standard training protocols. The primary outcome measures comprised a badminton-specific endurance assessment and the 30-second Wingate test, while secondary outcome parameters included evaluations of agility, jump performance, and movement dynamics on the court.

Results. The intervention cohort exhibited significant enhancements across all metrics relative to the control group (p < 0.001). Notable effect sizes were recorded for the badminton-specific endurance test (d = 1.32), Wingate peak power (d = 1.17), and mean power (d = 1.25). Secondary outcomes also reflected considerable advancements, including agility (d = 1.08-1.13), jump performance (d = 1.03-1.10), and on-court movement patterns (d = 1.07-1.16). Strong correlations were identified between leg endurance improvements and badminton-specific performance metrics (r = 0.65-0.73, p < 0.001).

Conclusions. The 12-week skipping exercise program markedly improved leg endurance and related performance metrics in competitive badminton players. These results indicate that skipping exercises constitute an effective, versatile, and sport-specific training approach for enhancing physical readiness in badminton. Coaches and athletes are encouraged to integrate structured skipping programs into their training routines to elevate badminton-specific physical performance.

Author Biographies

  • Ririn Irena, State University of Medan

    State University of Medan, Indonesia

    Address: William Iskandar Street, Medan Tembung, Medan, North Sumatra, 20221, Indonesia.

    Disciplines: Physical Education and Sports Science

    Skills And Expertise: Badminton sport analysis

    Authors’ Contribution: abcde

    Contact e-Mail: ririnirena3@gmail.com

     

  • Ardila Melati, State University of Medan

    State University of Medan, Indonesia

    Address: William Iskandar Street, Medan Tembung, Medan, North Sumatra, 20221, Indonesia.

    Disciplines: Physical Education and Sports Science

    Skills And Expertise: Badminton sport analysis

    Authors’ Contribution: abcde

    Contact e-Mail: ardilamelati9@gmail.com

     

  • Vlad Adrian Geanta , Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad

    Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, Romania.

    Address: Bulevardul Revoluției 77, Arad 310032, Romania

    Disciplines: Physical education

    Skills And Expertise: Physical education

    Authors’ Contribution: ad

    Contact e-Mail: vladu.geanta@gmail.com

     

  • ⁠Ayu Mayzura Simbolon, State University of Medan

    State University of Medan, Indonesia

    Address: William Iskandar Street, Market V, Medan Tembung, Medan, North Sumatra, 20221, Indonesia.

    Disciplines: Sport education

    Skills And Expertise: Sport education

    Authors’ Contribution: acd

    Contact e-Mail: ayumayzura52@gmail.com

     

  • Retha Foret , Privolzhsky Research Medical University

    Privolzhsky Research Medical University.

    Address: Minin and Pozharsky Sq, 10/1, Nizhnij Novgorod, Nizhegorodskaya oblast', Rusia

    Disciplines: Sport Science

    Skills And Expertise: Sport Science

    Authors’ Contribution: cd

    Contact e-Mail: retham5geforet@outlook.com

     

References

Bar-Or, O. (1987). The Wingate Anaerobic Test An Update on Methodology, Reliability and Validity. Sports Medicine, 4, 381–394. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-198704060-00001

Cabello‐Manrique, D. (2003, February 1). Analysis of the characteristics of competitive badminton. BMJ, 37(1), 62-66. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.37.1.62

Chen, B., Mok, D., Lee, W. C. C., & Lam, W. (2014). High-intensity stepwise conditioning programme for improved exercise responses and agility performance of a badminton player with knee pain. In Physical Therapy in Sport (Vol. 16, Issue 1, p. 80). Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2014.06.005

Chia, J. S., Chow, J. Y., Barrett, L. A., & Burns, S. F. (2019). Reliability of a Novel Badminton Intermittent Exercise Protocol. In Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport (Vol. 90, Issue 4, p. 487). Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2019.1620911

Dong, M., Lyu, J., Hart, T C., & Zhu, Q. (2018, May 25). Reactive Initiation Training is more effective than Shuttle Run to improve the on-court agility of novice badminton players. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. https://doi.org/10.1101/331058

Edel, A., Weis, J., Ferrauti, A., & Wiewelhove, T. (2023, June 30). Training drills in high performance badminton—effects of interval duration on internal and external loads. Frontiers Media, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1189688

Faccini, P., & Monte, A D. (1996, November 1). Physiologic Demands of Badminton Match Play. SAGE Publishing, 24(6_suppl), S64-S66. https://doi.org/10.1177/036354659602406s19

Faude, O., Meyer, T., Rosenberger, F., Fries, M., Huber, G., & Kindermann, W. (2007, April 30). Physiological characteristics of badminton match play. Springer Science+Business Media, 100(4), 479-485. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-007-0441-8

Girard, O., Méndez-Villanueva, A., & Bishop, D J. (2011, July 22). Repeated-Sprint Ability – Part I. Springer Science+Business Media, 41(8), 673-694. https://doi.org/10.2165/11590550-000000000-00000

Glasgow, P., Phillips, N., & Bleakley, C. (2015). Optimal loading: key variables and mechanisms. In British Journal of Sports Medicine (Vol. 49, Issue 5, p. 278). BMJ. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2014-094443

Iizuka, T., Hirano, K., Atomi, T., Shimizu, M., & Atomi, Y. (2020, February 8). Changes in Duration and Intensity of the World’s Top-Level Badminton Matches: A Consideration of the Increased Acute Injuries among Elite Women’s Singles Players. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 8(2), 19-19. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports8020019

Jaworski, J., & Żak, M. (2015, September 1). The Structure of Morpho-Functional Conditions Determining the Level of Sports Performance of Young Badminton Players. De Gruyter Open, 47(1), 215-223. https://doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2015-0077

Ko, D. H., Choi, Y.-C., & Lee, D. (2021). The Effect of Short-Term Wingate-Based High Intensity Interval Training on Anaerobic Power and Isokinetic Muscle Function in Adolescent Badminton Players. In Children (Vol. 8, Issue 6, p. 458). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8060458

Laffaye, G., Phomsoupha, M., & Dor, F. (2015). Changes in the game characteristics of a badminton match: A longitudinal study through the Olympic Game finals analysis in men's singles. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 14(3), 584-590.

LaFleche, M. (2012, January 1). Impact Circuit Training in High School. Taylor & Francis, 25(3), 22-25. https://doi.org/10.1080/08924562.2012.10592148

Liu, Y., Abdullah, B., & Saad, H. B. A. (2024). Effects of high-intensity interval training on strength, speed, and endurance performance among racket sports players: A systematic review. In PLoS ONE (Vol. 19, Issue 1). Public Library of Science. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295362

Lu, Z., Zhou, L., Gong, W., Chuang, S., Wang, S., Guo, Z., Bao, D., Zhang, L., & Zhou, J. (2022). The Effect of 6-Week Combined Balance and Plyometric Training on Dynamic Balance and Quickness Performance of Elite Badminton Players. In International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (Vol. 19, Issue 3, p. 1605). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031605

Maćkała, K., & Fostiak, M. (2015). Acute Effects of Plyometric Intervention—Performance Improvement and Related Changes in Sprinting Gait Variability. In The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research (Vol. 29, Issue 7, p. 1956). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000000853

Majumdar, P., Khanna, G L., Malik, V S., Sachdeva, S., Arif, M M., & Mandal, M. (1997, December 1). Physiological analysis to quantify training load in badminton.. BMJ, 31(4), 342-345. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.31.4.342

Ooi, C H., Tan, A., Ahmad, A., Kwong, K W., Sompong, R., Ghazali, K A M., Liew, S L., Chai, W J., & Thompson, M W. (2009, December 1). Physiological characteristics of elite and sub-elite badminton players. Taylor & Francis, 27(14), 1591-1599. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410903352907

P, W. P., & Josheeta, S. (2023). Effect of Plyometric Exercises Versus Speed Agility Quickness Training on Agility, Speed, Power, Dynamic Balance and Reaction Time in Amateur Badminton Players. In International Journal of Physiotherapy and Research (Vol. 11, Issue 3, p. 4524). https://doi.org/10.16965/ijpr.2023.124

Panda, M., Rizvi, M. R., Sharma, A., Sethi, P., Ahmad, I., & Kumari, S. (2022). Effect of electromyostimulation and plyometrics training on sports-specific parameters in badminton players. In Sports Medicine and Health Science (Vol. 4, Issue 4, p. 280). Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smhs.2022.08.002

Patterson, S. D., Pattison, J., Legg, H. S., Gibson, A., & Brown, N. (2016). The impact of badminton on health markers in untrained females. In Journal of Sports Sciences (Vol. 35, Issue 11, p. 1098). Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2016.1210819

Phomsoupha, M., & Laffaye, G. (2014, December 30). The Science of Badminton: Game Characteristics, Anthropometry, Physiology, Visual Fitness and Biomechanics. Springer Science+Business Media, 45(4), 473-495. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0287-2

Radzi, A N M., Rambely, A S., & Chellapan, K. (2014, January 1). A protocol of rope skipping exercise for primary school children: A pilot test. American Institute of Physics. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4882507

Sales, K C G., Santos, M A P D., Nakamura, F Y., Silvino, V O., Sena, A F D C., Ribeiro, S L G., Júnior, J F C R., Cabido, C E T., & Mendes, T T. (2021, January 1). Official matches and training sessions: physiological demands of elite junior badminton players. São Paulo State University, 27. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1980-65742021021520

Solé, S., Ramírez‐Campillo, R., Andrade, D. C., & Sánchez-Sánchez, J. (2021). Plyometric jump training effects on the physical fitness of individual-sport athletes: a systematic review with meta-analysis [Review of Plyometric jump training effects on the physical fitness of individual-sport athletes: a systematic review with meta-analysis]. PeerJ, 9. PeerJ, Inc. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11004

Suppiah, P. K., Joummy, A. J., Samsir, Md. S., Mariappan, M., Noordin, H., & Azmi, A. M. N. (2020). The Effects of High Intensity Functional Interval Training on Selected Fitness Components Among Young Badminton Players. In Lecture notes in bioengineering (p. 42). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3270-2_5

Tong, J., Lu, Z., Cen, X., Chen, C., Ugbolue, U. C., & Gu, Y. (2023). The effects of ankle dorsiflexor fatigue on lower limb biomechanics during badminton forward forehand and backhand lunge. In Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology (Vol. 11). Frontiers Media. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2023.1013100

Wang, Y., & Moffit, J. (2009, July 1). Teaching Badminton Based on Student Skill Levels. Taylor & Francis, 22(6), 14-18. https://doi.org/10.1080/08924562.2009.10590844

Wonisch, M., Hofmann, P., & Schwaberger, G. (2003). Validation of a field test for the non-invasive determination of badminton specific aerobic performance. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 37, 115–118.

Yang, X., Lee, J., Gu, X., Zhang, X., & Zhang, T. (2020, August 14). Physical Fitness Promotion among Adolescents: Effects of a Jump Rope-Based Physical Activity Afterschool Program. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 7(8), 95-95. https://doi.org/10.3390/children7080095

Downloads

Published

2025-01-27

Issue

Section

Original Research

Categories

Similar Articles

1-10 of 77

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.